The Mandraki Harbor was once the military port of ancient Rhodes and home to the famous Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Today Mandraki is an unspoiled place line by seaside cafes with a view of the yachts and fishing boats. Situated on the long wave breaker at Mandraki harbor stand these three medieval windmills which once ground the grains unloaded from merchant vessels in the harbor. Today, they still stand there, a proud reminder of a great past!! It is believed that there were once 13 or 14 windmills, but most of them have disintegrated over time. These ancient windmills on the quayside of Rhodes Town Harbour are being renovated, to their former glory. In the 1st century AD the Greek engineer Heron of Alexandria invented a wind-driven wheel to power an organ. The earliest windmills were built in Persia since at least the 9th century and were used to grind corn and pump water. The first windmills in Europe appear in the 12th century. While it is possible that crusaders may have been inspired by the vertical-axle windmills in the Middle East, this is not very likely since the European windmills were of significantly different design. All the old windmills in medieval Europe rotated on horizontal axles. Two centuries later, areas of the Rhine River delta were drained by the famous Dutch windmills.
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